{"id":2812,"date":"2020-12-07T23:13:44","date_gmt":"2020-12-07T22:13:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.labvet.cz\/blog\/?p=2812"},"modified":"2024-08-09T12:12:05","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T10:12:05","slug":"cistit-psi-usi-nebo-necistit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/labvet.cz\/blog\/cistit-psi-usi-nebo-necistit\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cistit ps\u00ed u\u0161i nebo ne\u010distit?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u201e<\/em>Cht\u011bli jsme na\u0161emu Jamesovi vy\u010distit u\u0161i. Na \u0161pejli jsem si namotala vatu a \u010distila. Jen\u017ee vata spadla do ucha. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee ji vyklepe?“ telefonick\u00fd dotaz<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozvali jsme psa do ordinace. Vatov\u00fd smotek byl, asi t\u00edm, jak se jej majitelka sna\u017eila \u201evydloubnout\u201c ven, zatla\u010den tak hluboko, \u017ee by jej pes s\u00e1m nevyklepal. A bez pomoci veterin\u00e1\u0159e by ur\u010dit\u011b n\u00e1sledovaly nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my ve form\u011b z\u00e1n\u011btu zevn\u00edho zvukovodu. Je\u0161t\u011b \u017ee byl pes hodn\u00fd a nechal si ciz\u00ed t\u011bleso vyt\u00e1hnout z ucha, ani\u017e by se br\u00e1nil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Na to, zda a jak se m\u00e1 pe\u010dovat o ps\u00ed u\u0161i, se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed i zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chovatel\u00e9 ptaj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasto. Jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 rada asi neexistuje. Pot\u0159ebu p\u00e9\u010de o u\u0161i, a hlavn\u011b pak o zevn\u00ed zvukovod, ovliv\u0148uje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada faktor\u016f od velikosti a nesen\u00ed u\u0161n\u00edho boltce, d\u00e9lky srsti, v\u011bku psa, jeho pracovn\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed a\u017e po mno\u017estv\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edho se u\u0161n\u00edho mazu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bco o anatomii ps\u00edho ucha<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sluchov\u00fd org\u00e1n psa se d\u011bl\u00ed do t\u0159\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na ucho zevn\u00ed, st\u0159edn\u00ed a vnit\u0159n\u00ed. Z pohledu prob\u00edran\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zevn\u00ed ucho, kter\u00e9 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z u\u0161n\u00edho boltce a zevn\u00edho zvukovodu. U\u0161n\u00ed boltec je tvo\u0159en pru\u017enou chrupavkou. K\u016f\u017ee, kter\u00e1 j\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1, je na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti boltce voln\u00e1 a po cel\u00e9 plo\u0161e je porostl\u00e1 srst\u00ed. Na spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k\u016f\u017ee pevn\u011b p\u0159il\u00e9h\u00e1 ke chrupavce, v\u011bt\u0161ina plochy je hol\u00e1 a srst tvo\u0159\u00ed jen jak\u00e9si lemov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm okraji u\u0161n\u00edho boltce je k\u016f\u017ee zdvojen\u00e1 a tvo\u0159\u00ed r\u016fzn\u011b v\u00fdraznou \u0159asu, kter\u00e1 je ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako duplikatura nebo Henryho kapsa. Okraje u\u0161\u00ed jsou protkan\u00e9 drobn\u00fdmi krevn\u00edmi vl\u00e1se\u010dnicemi a dojde-li k jejich poran\u011bn\u00ed, je krv\u00e1cen\u00ed siln\u00e9 a t\u011b\u017eko se zastavuje. M\u00edsto, v kter\u00e9m boltec navazuje na zevn\u00ed zvukovod, b\u00fdv\u00e1 naz\u00fdv\u00e1no j\u00e1mou u\u0161n\u00edho boltce. V t\u00e9to oblasti k\u016f\u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 valy a z\u00e1hyby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u0161n\u00ed boltec p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 troj\u00faheln\u00edk, kter\u00fd svoj\u00ed z\u00e1kladnou p\u0159il\u00e9h\u00e1 k hlav\u011b. \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka t\u00e9to z\u00e1kladny i jej\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed stejn\u011b jako velikost, tvar a s\u00edla chrupavky se u jednotliv\u00fdch plemen li\u0161\u00ed. Dalo by se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed pracovn\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed ps\u016f a jsou typick\u00fdmi exteri\u00e9rov\u00fdmi znaky n\u011bkter\u00fdch skupin plemen. Nap\u0159. v FCI skupin\u011b \u010d. I. p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 ucho vzty\u010den\u00e9, v FCI skupin\u011b \u010d. III. je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ucho vysoko nasazen\u00e9 a p\u0159eklopen\u00e9 a FCI skupinu \u010d. VI. charakterizuje velk\u00e9, p\u0159evisl\u00e9 ucho s jemnou chrupavkou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Belgick\u00fd ov\u010d\u00e1k tervueren, slovensk\u00fd kopov, irsk\u00fd teri\u00e9r – foto Jan Tich\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Zevn\u00ed zvukovod<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zevn\u00ed zvukovod by se dal charakterizovat jako trubice vedouc\u00ed od u\u0161n\u00edho boltce k bub\u00ednku. St\u011bny zvukovodu jsou pokryty jemnou v\u00fdstelkou, z kter\u00e9 vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 chloupky. Jejich \u00fakolem je br\u00e1nit st\u0159edn\u00ed a vnit\u0159n\u00ed ucho p\u0159ed ne\u010distotami ze zevn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Stejnou funkci m\u00e1 i u\u0161n\u00ed maz produkovan\u00fd v\u00fdstelkou. Mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed u\u0161n\u00edho mazu je tedy fyziologick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u016fb\u011bh zvukovodu by se zhruba dal rozd\u011blit do dvou \u00fasek\u016f. Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st vede od u\u0161n\u00edho boltce \u0161ikmo dol\u016f a v druh\u00e9m \u00faseku se lehce ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed k hlav\u011b a tak\u0159ka vodorovn\u011b pokra\u010duje k u\u0161n\u00edmu bub\u00ednku. V praxi to nen\u00ed zdaleka tak jednozna\u010dn\u00e9, ale ur\u010dit\u00e9 zak\u0159iven\u00ed zvukovodu je patrn\u00e9 u v\u0161ech plemen. Obava lid\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zvukovodu hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee prop\u00edchnou u\u0161n\u00ed bub\u00ednek, tedy nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 opodstatn\u011bn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nen\u00ed ucho jako ucho<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u016fb\u011bh zvukovodu je do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry ovlivn\u011bn tvarem a postaven\u00edm boltce. U plemen se vzty\u010den\u00fdm uchem b\u00fdv\u00e1 prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, naopak u plemen s velk\u00fdm, p\u0159evisl\u00fdm a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm uchem je mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt esovit\u00e9 zak\u0159iven\u00ed. Z hlediska o\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ucha je zaj\u00edmav\u00fd nejen pr\u016fb\u011bh zevn\u00edho zvukovodu, ale i jeho d\u00e9lka a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka. Jsou psi, u kter\u00fdch je zvukovod \u0161irok\u00fd jako tunel s \u010dty\u0159proudovou vozovkou a jsou naopak jedinci, jejich\u017e zvukovod vypad\u00e1 jako uzounk\u00e1 a neprostupn\u00e1 \u0161t\u011brbina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prof. MVDr. Hugo \u010cern\u00fd, DrSc ve VETERIN\u00c1RN\u00cd ANATOMII pro studium i praxi uv\u00e1d\u00ed<\/em> \u017ee: \u201emal\u00e1 plemena (jezev\u010d\u00edk, mal\u00fd kn\u00edra\u010d, teri\u00e9\u0159i) maj\u00ed zvukovod dlouh\u00fd cca 40 mm, u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch plemen d\u00e9lka kol\u00eds\u00e1 v rozmez\u00ed 40-65 mm a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka zvukovodu podle plemenn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti psa se pohybuje cca od 12 mm do 18 mm. Stejn\u00fd autor popisuje d\u00e9lku zvukovodu od u\u0161n\u00edho boltce k ohb\u00ed, tedy k m\u00edstu, kde lehce zat\u00e1\u010d\u00ed, u mal\u00fdch plemen v pr\u016fm\u011bru 12 mm u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch 15-18 mm.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy a jak \u010distit zevn\u00ed zvukovod<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkdo si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mazu nebo p\u00e1r chloupk\u016f ve zvukovodu jsou d\u016fvodem k \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ucha. Ps\u00ed salony velmi \u010dasto za\u0159azuj\u00ed \u010dist\u011bn\u00ed u\u0161\u00ed jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u00fapravy a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy to t\u0159eba opravdu nen\u00ed. Jak tedy k p\u00e9\u010di o u\u0161i p\u0159istupovat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"jak
\u0160pinav\u00e9 ucho, kter\u00e9 je vhodn\u00e9 vy\u010disitit; \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ucha – foto Jan Tich\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b je t\u0159eba pravideln\u00e1 kontrola stavu u\u0161\u00ed a to zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b po n\u00e1vratu z pobytu ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. V\u0161echny zbytky trav a jejich sem\u00ednek je t\u0159eba rychle odstranit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mazu je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a do ps\u00edho ucha pat\u0159\u00ed. Pokud se ale ve zvukovodu objev\u00ed jeho nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, je vhodn\u00e9 u\u0161i vy\u010distit. Na trhu jsou p\u0159\u00edpravky, kter\u00e9 po nakap\u00e1n\u00ed do ucha nadbyte\u010dn\u00fd maz rozpust\u00ed a pes jej pak bez dal\u0161\u00ed pomoci ze strany \u010dlov\u011bka vyklepe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkdy na \u0161pinav\u00e9 ucho jen kapky nesta\u010d\u00ed a je t\u0159eba mechanick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed mazu. Nejedn\u00e1 o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nadm\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd \u00fakon. Sta\u010d\u00ed lehce nahoru nat\u00e1hnout u\u0161n\u00ed boltec. T\u00edm se zvukovod narovn\u00e1 a uvoln\u00ed a cesta pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je otev\u0159ena. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vatov\u00e9 smotky namo\u010den\u00e9 v n\u011bjak\u00e9m olejovit\u00e9m roztoku. Vhodn\u00e9 je vatu namotat nap\u0159. na chirurgickou pinzetu. Je opat\u0159ena zoubky, kter\u00e9 zabr\u00e1n\u00ed sklouznut\u00ed vatov\u00e9ho smotku do zvukovodu. Stejn\u011b funguje nap\u0159. pe\u00e1n nebo siln\u00fd dr\u00e1t s dr\u00e1\u017ekami. Pokud je n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fdm zvukovod psa \u010dist\u00edme, sm\u011brovan\u00fd \u0161ikmo k hlav\u011b, nemus\u00edme se b\u00e1t, \u017ee poran\u00edme nap\u0159. bub\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nevhodn\u00e9 jsou \u0161pejle, sirky a tak\u00e9 vatov\u00e9 ty\u010dinky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 u lid\u00ed, proto\u017ee hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee m\u011bkk\u00e1 vatovit\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st sklouzne a majitel psa ji s\u00e1m t\u011b\u017eko vylov\u00ed ven. Vhodn\u00e9 nen\u00ed vyplachov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u0161\u00ed vodou nebo kysli\u010dn\u00edkem a ani nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed vaty do vodnat\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f. Zvy\u0161ovalo by to vlhkost ve zvukovodu a ta nadm\u00edru vyhovuje bakteri\u00edm a kvasink\u00e1m. Sporn\u00e9 je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alkoholick\u00fdch roztok\u016f. Ty pro zm\u011bnu v\u00fdstelku zvukovodu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysu\u0161uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e1r chloupk\u016f ve zvukovodu je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Velmi p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let by se m\u011blo nad vytrh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm chlup\u016f ze zevn\u00edho zvukovodu. Ty chloupky tam nerostou bezd\u016fvodn\u011b. Jejich \u00fakolem je zachytit v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u010distoty, kter\u00e9 by mohly do ucha zapadnout. Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o \u201e\u017eiv\u00e9\u201c rostouc\u00ed chlupy, doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i jejich vytrhnut\u00ed k poran\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdstelky zvukovodu a t\u00edm se otev\u00edr\u00e1 vstupn\u00ed br\u00e1na pro infekci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pravdou je, \u017ee jsou jedinci, u kter\u00fdch srst ve zvukovodu roste tak siln\u011b, \u017ee jej \u00fapln\u011b uzav\u0159e. Leckdy se vytvo\u0159\u00ed chuchvalec mrtv\u00e9 srsti a ten je t\u0159eba opatrn\u011b uvolnit a vytrhnout. St\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed se moc nedoporu\u010duje. Ko\u0159\u00ednek chlupu ve zvukovodu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 a m\u016f\u017ee r\u016fst d\u00e1l a zbytky ost\u0159\u00edhan\u00e9 srsti zapadnou do zvukovodu, kde pak funguj\u00ed jako ciz\u00ed t\u011bleso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U plemen s del\u0161\u00ed srst\u00ed je t\u0159eba udr\u017eovat jak vnit\u0159n\u00ed tak vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu boltce a okol\u00ed u\u0161n\u00ed j\u00e1my. T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 a zfilcovat\u011bl\u00e1 srst je podkladem pro vznik dlouhodob\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu. U plemen s dlouh\u00fdmi a p\u0159ilehl\u00fdmi u\u0161n\u00edmi boltci je vhodn\u011b ucho ob\u010das \u201ev\u011btrat.\u201c T\u011b\u017ek\u00fd boltec funguje jako pokli\u010dka na hrnci a v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed zvukovodu. Cel\u00e1 \u0159ada majitel\u016f nap\u0159. kokr\u0161pan\u011bl\u016f sepne psovi v dob\u011b krmen\u00ed u\u0161i na hlav\u011b kol\u00ed\u010dkem nebo u\u0161i slo\u017e\u00ed do s\u00ed\u0165ky. V\u00fdsledek je dvoj\u00ed. Ucho dob\u0159e v\u011btr\u00e1 a pes si jej nenamo\u010d\u00ed do misky se \u017er\u00e1dlem. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edslove\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eravosti na\u0161ich ps\u016f takov\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed nen\u00ed psovi nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. Kol\u00ed\u010dek znamen\u00e1 \u017er\u00e1dlo a tedy z\u00e1le\u017eitost radostnou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velkou roli hraje \u017eivotn\u00ed rytmus psa. Zku\u0161enost u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee ps\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed dostatek pohybu v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, je t\u0159eba o u\u0161i pe\u010dovat m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e u ps\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tr\u00e1v\u00ed sv\u016fj \u017eivost na gau\u010di a pod pe\u0159inou. Pokud si majitel psa nen\u00ed jist\u00fd, jak m\u00e1 k u\u0161\u00edm p\u0159istupovat a zda je \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u010di ne, m\u016f\u017ee se poradit u veterin\u00e1\u0159e. O kontrolu u\u0161\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee po\u017e\u00e1dat i p\u0159i o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

St\u00e1le je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010distit u\u0161i a\u0165 mechanicky \u010di pomoc\u00ed chytr\u00fdch kapek u ps\u016f, kde to nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba, je nejen zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 ale tak\u00e9 riskantn\u00ed. P\u0159ehnan\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou pro vznik z\u00e1n\u011btu zevn\u00edho zvukovodu. A to je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 a tak\u00e9 \u010dasto se vracej\u00edc\u00ed. V p\u00e9\u010di o u\u0161i psa prost\u011b plat\u00ed pravidlo \u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017ee: \u201cM\u00e9n\u011b je \u010dasto v\u00edce!\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: Pane doktore, u\u017e zase klepe hlavou<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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L<\/a>abvet.cz \u2013 laborato\u0159 pro chovatele i veterin\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Hello Sandy: Jak vy\u010distit u\u0161i psa?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eCht\u011bli jsme na\u0161emu Jamesovi vy\u010distit u\u0161i. Na \u0161pejli jsem si namotala vatu a \u010distila. Jen\u017ee vata spadla do ucha. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee ji vyklepe?“ telefonick\u00fd dotaz Pozvali jsme psa do ordinace. Vatov\u00fd smotek byl, asi t\u00edm, jak se jej majitelka sna\u017eila \u201evydloubnout\u201c ven, zatla\u010den tak hluboko, \u017ee by jej pes s\u00e1m nevyklepal. A bez pomoci … <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed „\u010cistit ps\u00ed u\u0161i nebo ne\u010distit?“<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Jak \u010distit ps\u00ed u\u0161i | Labvet.cz","_seopress_titles_desc":"\u010cist\u00edte sv\u00e9mu psovi u\u0161i? Jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b pe\u010dovat o ps\u00ed u\u0161i?","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-prevence"],"yoast_head":"\n\u010cistit ps\u00ed u\u0161i nebo ne\u010distit? - Labvet blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/labvet.cz\/blog\/cistit-psi-usi-nebo-necistit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u010cistit ps\u00ed u\u0161i nebo ne\u010distit? - Labvet blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201eCht\u011bli jsme na\u0161emu Jamesovi vy\u010distit u\u0161i. Na \u0161pejli jsem si namotala vatu a \u010distila. Jen\u017ee vata spadla do ucha. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee ji vyklepe?“ telefonick\u00fd dotaz Pozvali jsme psa do ordinace. Vatov\u00fd smotek byl, asi t\u00edm, jak se jej majitelka sna\u017eila \u201evydloubnout\u201c ven, zatla\u010den tak hluboko, \u017ee by jej pes s\u00e1m nevyklepal. 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