{"id":3685,"date":"2021-09-27T11:48:12","date_gmt":"2021-09-27T09:48:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.labvet.cz\/blog\/?p=3685"},"modified":"2025-03-10T23:23:33","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T22:23:33","slug":"nezadouci-reakce-na-potravu-u-psu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/labvet.cz\/blog\/nezadouci-reakce-na-potravu-u-psu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok u psa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu u ps\u016f rozd\u011blujeme na dv\u011b skupiny, a to podle toho, zda se na n\u00ed pod\u00edl\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o imunologickou odpov\u011b\u010f zprost\u0159edkovanou protil\u00e1tkami skupiny IgE, jedn\u00e1 se o potravn\u00ed alergie u psa. Pokud odpov\u011b\u010f organismu nen\u00ed vyvol\u00e1na imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, ozna\u010dujeme ji jako potravn\u00ed intoleranci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"SPECIFIC\u2122<\/a>
SPECIFIC\u2122 CDD Food Allergen Management je kompletn\u00ed, vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 hypoalergenn\u00ed dieta pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 psy obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed omezen\u00fd po\u010det ingredienc\u00ed. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alergie na potravu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Potravn\u00ed alergie u psa je imunologick\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na poz\u0159en\u00fd alergen ve strav\u011b. P\u0159\u00edznaky jsou bohu\u017eel stejn\u00e9 jako u alergi\u00ed na alergeny z prost\u0159ed\u00ed, to znamen\u00e1 ko\u017en\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch ps\u016f se mohou objevovat i p\u0159\u00edznaky tr\u00e1vic\u00ed a u star\u0161\u00edch jedinc\u016f byly zaznamen\u00e1ny i neurologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky jako ztr\u00e1ta pam\u011bti, zmatenost a kognitivn\u00ed dysfunkce (zm\u011bny pozn\u00e1vac\u00edch funkc\u00ed). Velmi z\u0159\u00eddka b\u00fdvaj\u00ed popisov\u00e1ny i d\u00fdchac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee a astma. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alergick\u00e1 reakce na potravu se m\u016f\u017ee u psa projevit i jako anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok. To je akutn\u00ed reakce objevuj\u00edc\u00ed se v \u0159\u00e1dech minut po poz\u0159en\u00ed inkriminovan\u00e9 stravy. V\u011bt\u0161inou se projev\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi otoky na tv\u00e1\u0159i, pysc\u00edch, u\u0161\u00edch, o\u010dn\u00edch v\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch a spojivk\u00e1ch. M\u016f\u017ee, ale nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt doprov\u00e1zena i sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00edm. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee potrava je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou 10% alergi\u00ed u ps\u016f. U zdrav\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at jsou antigeny v potrav\u011b imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem tolerov\u00e1ny. Pokud tato tolerance z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu vymiz\u00ed, spou\u0161t\u00ed se alergick\u00e1 reakce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alergenem v\u011bt\u0161inou b\u00fdv\u00e1 rozpustn\u00fd protein nebo glykoprotein o v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed molekulov\u00e9 hmotnosti. U ps\u016f jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alergeny odvozen\u00e9 z hov\u011bz\u00edho nebo ku\u0159ec\u00edho masa, kuku\u0159ice, p\u0161enice a s\u00f3ji. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 takov\u00e1 slo\u017eka stravy nen\u00ed sama o sob\u011b alergenn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psi se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed alergick\u00fdmi v\u016f\u010di t\u011bm potravin\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 konzumuj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. K tomu p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozuj\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed slizni\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru \u2013 viry, bakterie, paraziti, toxiny, atd. Alergen se tak sn\u00e1ze dostane k imunitn\u00ed tk\u00e1ni st\u0159eva a m\u016f\u017ee spustit p\u0159ehnanou odpov\u011b\u010f. Proto se nedoporu\u010duje p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch pr\u016fjmech pod\u00e1vat n\u011bjak\u00fd nov\u00fd druh masa, aby na n\u011bj nedo\u0161lo k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed alergie. A na druhou stranu se u zdrav\u00fdch jedinc\u016f doporu\u010duje je st\u0159\u00eddat, aby si t\u011blo na r\u016fzn\u00e9 antigeny zvykalo a tolerovalo je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"labvet<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Potravn\u00ed pokus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

K diagnostice potravn\u00ed alergie se jako \u201ezlat\u00fd standard“<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 potravn\u00ed pokus. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se ze dvou f\u00e1z\u00ed: elimina\u010dn\u00ed diety a provoka\u010dn\u00ed diety. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elimina\u010dn\u00ed dieta by m\u011bla obsahovat jeden zdroj masa a jeden zdroj sacharid\u016f, nejl\u00e9pe takov\u00fd, kter\u00fd pes je\u0161t\u011b nikdy nem\u011bl. Je mo\u017en\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00ed strava nebo komer\u010dn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 granule nebo konzervy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elimina\u010dn\u00ed dietou je i dieta s hydrolyzovanou b\u00edlkovinou, tj. b\u00edlkovinou rozlo\u017eenou na tak mal\u00e9 molekuly, \u017ee by na n\u011b imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m nem\u011bl reagovat. Pro v\u00fdb\u011br surovin pro elimina\u010dn\u00ed dietu je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt i alergologick\u00e9 testy z krve, kter\u00e9 testuj\u00ed IgE protil\u00e1tky proti jednotliv\u00fdm surovin\u00e1m. Do diety potom za\u0159azujeme ty, proti kter\u00fdm pes nem\u00e1 v krvi \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 protil\u00e1tky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

U komer\u010dn\u00edch diet n\u011bkdy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ale probl\u00e9m v tom, \u017ee obsahuj\u00ed i slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 nejsou ve slo\u017een\u00ed deklarov\u00e1ny. Existuje \u0159ada studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prok\u00e1zaly p\u0159\u00edtomnost jin\u00fdch druh\u016f \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny, ne\u017e kter\u00e9 byly uvedeny na obalu v\u00fdrobku. T\u00fdkalo se to such\u00fdch i vlhk\u00fdch diet, potravn\u00edch dopl\u0148k\u016f i pamlsk\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kontaminace granul\u00ed skladov\u00fdmi rozto\u010di, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou \u010dast\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami atopi\u00ed. Pejsek tak reaguje na rozto\u010de, a ne na krmivo samotn\u00e9, co\u017e fale\u0161n\u011b diagnostikujeme jako potravn\u00ed alergii. Doporu\u010duje se otev\u0159en\u00e9 pytle s krmen\u00edm uchov\u00e1vat v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch s pevn\u011b t\u011bsn\u00edc\u00edm v\u00edkem. Rozto\u010di se toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017eou dostat i do uzav\u00edrateln\u00fdch pytl\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ko\u017en\u00edch projev\u016f bychom elimina\u010dn\u00ed dietu m\u011bli d\u00e1vat dva a\u017e t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce, k\u016f\u017ee reaguje pomaleji. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tr\u00e1vic\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed to je zhruba \u010dtrn\u00e1ct dn\u00ed ne\u017e se efekt projev\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud byla elimina\u010dn\u00ed dieta \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edznaky alergie vymizely, doporu\u010duje se dal\u0161\u00ed krok, kter\u00fdm je provoka\u010dn\u00ed dieta. Ta spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v postupn\u00e9m za\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edchoz\u00edch slo\u017eek stravy, aby se zjistilo, kter\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1 op\u011btovn\u00e9 vzplanut\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Je tedy z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee k tomuto kroku u\u017e je m\u00e1lokter\u00fd chovatel ochoten p\u0159istoupit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ko\u017en\u00ed<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Potravn\u00ed intolerance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Potravn\u00ed intolerance je abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed reakce na potravu nebo potravn\u00ed dopln\u011bk, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 imunologick\u00fd z\u00e1klad. Takov\u00e9 reakce jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 a v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u00e1vis\u00ed na d\u00e1vce. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu tr\u00e1vic\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ne\u017e alergie. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem tzv. farmakologick\u00e9 reakce, kter\u00e9 jsou spu\u0161t\u011bny farmakologicky aktivn\u00edmi l\u00e1tkami v potrav\u011b. V\u011bt\u0161inou zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161enou pohyblivost st\u0159ev, kter\u00e1 vy\u00fast\u00ed v pr\u016fjem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem je glutam\u00e1t sodn\u00fd (potravn\u00ed aditivum) nebo kasomorfin (sou\u010d\u00e1st ml\u00e9ka). Do t\u00e9to skupiny reakc\u00ed ale pat\u0159\u00ed i nechvaln\u011b proslul\u00fd theobromin z \u010dokol\u00e1dy, kter\u00fd vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 vedle tr\u00e1vic\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed i pot\u00ed\u017ee neurologick\u00e9, kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed a ledvinn\u00e9. Za farmakologick\u00e9 reakce ale m\u016f\u017ee i oby\u010dejn\u011b \u201ezka\u017een\u00e9“ j\u00eddlo, kdy bakterie v n\u011bm obsa\u017een\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed tzv. vasoaktivn\u00ed aminy, kter\u00e9 vyvolaj\u00ed pr\u016fjem a zvracen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z vasoaktivn\u00edch amin\u016f je i histamin, l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 se mimo jin\u00e9 pod\u00edl\u00ed i na alergick\u00fdch reakc\u00edch. N\u011bkter\u00e9 potraviny ho obsahuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed, tak\u017ee po jejich konzumaci se u jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ho pomaleji odbour\u00e1vaj\u00ed, objev\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky alergie. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hovo\u0159\u00edme o pseudoalergii. Pro psy toto nebezpe\u010d\u00ed hroz\u00ed od ryb a kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm typem reakc\u00ed je reakce metabolick\u00e1. Ta je zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 vrozenou genetickou chybou v metabolismu. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je lakt\u00f3zov\u00e1 intolerance zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 nedostatkem enzymu lakt\u00e1za pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho pro tr\u00e1ven\u00ed ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9ho cukru. Po ml\u00e9ce nebo ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch s lakt\u00f3zou se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky jako plynatost, nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed, bolest b\u0159icha a pr\u016fjem. Enzym je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kart\u00e1\u010dov\u00e9ho lemu sliznice st\u0159eva a existuje podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee se tento defekt m\u016f\u017ee vytvo\u0159it i druhotn\u011b po prod\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed akutn\u00ed virov\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed infekce. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem metabolick\u00e9 reakce je neschopnost vylu\u010dovat m\u011b\u010f z t\u011bla u n\u011bkter\u00fdch dobrman\u016f. To vede a\u017e ke chronick\u00e9mu z\u00e1n\u011btu jater. Tak\u00e9 dietn\u00ed chyby, a\u0165 u\u017e nevhodn\u00e9 \u201elidsk\u00e9“ j\u00eddlo nebo p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed se, vedou k metabolick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m \u0161patn\u00e9ho tr\u00e1ven\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je i vstupn\u00ed kvalita surovin pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k v\u00fdrob\u011b krmiva. Dlouhodob\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem krmiva s rezidui antibiotik a jin\u00fdch l\u00e1tek pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k chronick\u00e9mu z\u00e1n\u011btu st\u0159ev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: Alergologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed psa<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok u psa Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu u ps\u016f rozd\u011blujeme na dv\u011b skupiny, a to podle toho, zda se na n\u00ed pod\u00edl\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Pokud se jedn\u00e1 o imunologickou odpov\u011b\u010f zprost\u0159edkovanou protil\u00e1tkami skupiny IgE, jedn\u00e1 se o potravn\u00ed alergie u psa. Pokud odpov\u011b\u010f organismu nen\u00ed vyvol\u00e1na imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, ozna\u010dujeme ji jako potravn\u00ed intoleranci. Alergie … <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed „Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu“<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5017,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu u ps\u016f | Labvet.cz","_seopress_titles_desc":"Alergick\u00e1 reakce u psa se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi, sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00edm nebo vyr\u00e1\u017ekami. Nau\u010dte se rozpoznat p\u0159\u00edznaky a p\u0159edej\u00edt probl\u00e9m\u016fm spr\u00e1vnou v\u00fd\u017eivou.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[60,206],"class_list":["post-3685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alergie-u-psa","tag-alergie-u-psa","tag-hana-prausova"],"yoast_head":"\nNe\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu - Labvet blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/labvet.cz\/blog\/nezadouci-reakce-na-potravu-u-psu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu - Labvet blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok u psa Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed reakce na potravu u ps\u016f rozd\u011blujeme na dv\u011b skupiny, a to podle toho, zda se na n\u00ed pod\u00edl\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. 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